Verbs in English Grammar – Types :Explained in Hindi

What is a Verb? | Verb क्या होता है?

A verb is a word that shows action (क्रिया) or state of being (स्थिति).
Verb वह word (शब्द) होता है जो किसी काम (action) को या किसी की स्थिति (state) को बताता है।

Types of Verbs(क्रियाओं के प्रकार)

Verbs are of two types :-

1. Main Verb   2. Auxiliary Verb.

1.Main Verb

Main Verb वह क्रिया होती है जो वाक्य में मुख्य कार्य या स्थिति को दिखाती है। इसे Principal Verb भी कहा जाता है।

 Main Verbs के प्रकार (Types of Main Verbs):

 1. Action Verb (क्रिया-सूचक क्रिया)

यह क्रिया किसी कार्य (काम) को दर्शाती है।
Examples:

• She writes a letter. (वह पत्र लिखती है।)
• They play cricket. (वे क्रिकेट खेलते हैं।)

Action verbs are of two types:

  1. Transitive Verb (जिसके बाद object आता है)

A transitive verb is a verb that needs an object to complete its meaning.
 Without an object, the sentence feels incomplete.

 Hindi Meaning:
सकर्मक क्रिया वह होती है जो अपने कार्य को पूरा करने के लिए कर्म (object) पर निर्भर करती है।

Examples:

    1.She writes a letter.
(क्या लिखती है? → a letter = object)
→ “writes” is a transitive verb.

    2.He bought a car.
(क्या खरीदी? → a car = object)
→ “bought” is transitive.

3.I love my country.
(किसे प्यार करता हूँ? → my country)
→ “love” is transitive.

 How to Identify a Transitive Verb?

Ask “What?” or “Whom?” after the verb.

            He plays… → What? → football
            Transitive

            She found… → What? → her pen
           Transitive

  2.Intransitive Verb (जिसके बाद object नहीं आता)

An intransitive verb is a verb that does NOT take an object.
 इसका काम बिना object के पूरा हो जाता है।

 Hindi Meaning:
अकर्मक क्रिया वह होती है जो किसी object पर कार्य नहीं करती।
वाक्य में कर्म (object) की आवश्यकता नहीं होती।

Examples:

He sleeps peacefully.
(क्या सोता है? → कोई object नहीं)
 “sleeps” = intransitive

Birds fly in the sky.
(क्या उड़ते हैं? → बस उड़ते हैं, कोई object नहीं)
 “fly” = intransitive

She cried loudly.
(क्या रोई? → object नहीं है)
 “cried” = intransitive

How to Identify Intransitive Verb?

Try asking “what?” or “whom?” after the verb:

He runs. → runs what?  कोई जवाब नहीं
 Intransitive

She sings. → sings what?  कोई object नहीं
 Intransitive

 Examples Table:

Comparison: Transitive vs Intransitive

2. Linking Verb (स्थिति बताने वाली क्रिया)

यह subject को किसी state या quality से जोड़ती है, न कि कोई action दिखाती है।
Common linking verbs: is, am, are, was, were, be, been, become, seem
Examples:

• He is a doctor.
• She seems tired.

 3. Stative Verb (भाव या स्थिति की क्रिया)

ये verbs किसी की भावना, भावना की स्थिति, या सोच को दर्शाते हैं, कोई physical action नहीं।
Examples:

• I know the answer.
• She likes coffee.
• He believes you.

 4. Mental Verb (मानसिक क्रिया)

ये दिमाग में होने वाली क्रियाओं को दर्शाती हैं।
Examples:

• I think he is right.
• She understands the concept.

 Summary in Hindi + English:

2. Auxiliary Verb (सहायक क्रिया) –

 An Auxiliary Verb is a helping verb that supports the main verb in a sentence.
यह वाक्य में मुख्य क्रिया (Main Verb) की सहायता करता है — ताकि हम tense, voice, mood, या सवाल बना सकें।

 Types of Auxiliary Verbs (सहायक क्रियाओं के प्रकार):

 1. Primary Auxiliary Verbs (मुख्य सहायक क्रिया)

These are used to form tenses, questions, negatives, and voice.

There are three Main Verbs in this category:

Examples:

• She is writing a letter. (Present Continuous)
• I have finished my work. (Present Perfect)
• Do you speak English? (Question)

 2. Modal Auxiliary Verbs (मूड दर्शाने वाली सहायक क्रिया)

These show possibility, ability, permission, obligation, etc.
इन्हें हम “Modals” भी कहते हैं।

 Common Modals:
can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to, need, dare

Examples:

• He can swim. (Ability)
• You must obey the rules. (Obligation)
• May I come in? (Permission)
• It might rain today. (Possibility)

Differences between Primary & Modal Auxiliaries:

Note:-

Some verbs like “is” or “has” can be both:

• Auxiliary Verb → She is reading (helping “reading”)
• Linking/Main Verb → She is happy (showing state, not helping any other verb)

What Are Regular and Irregular Verbs?

 1. Regular Verbs (नियमित क्रियाएँ)

 Regular verbs are those which form their past tense and past participle by adding -ed or -d to the base form.

 Rule:
Base Verb + ed / d = Past & Past Participle

 Examples:

 These follow a fixed rule, that’s why they’re called Regular.

2. Irregular Verbs (अनियमित क्रियाएँ)

 Irregular verbs are those which do NOT follow the -ed rule.
Their past tense and past participle forms change unpredictably.

 No fixed rule → learn by memory

Irregular Verbs Table 

Related posts:-Number , Singular number 1 and Plural number 2 in Hindi 

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