Introduction- One Word Substitutions in Hindi
जब किसी लंबे वाक्यांश (group of words) को केवल एक शब्द (one word) में व्यक्त किया जाता है, तो उसे One Word Substitution कहते हैं।
किसी शब्द समूह के स्थान पर प्रयुक्त एक शब्द को One Word Substitution कहते हैं।
One Word Substitution से हमारी English अधिक प्रभावशाली, संक्षिप्त और professional बनती है। यह SSC, Bank, NDA, CDS, Rajasthan Exams तथा School Exams में भी पूछा जाता है।
Example
A person who cannot read or write → Illiterate
जो व्यक्ति पढ़-लिख नहीं सकता।
इस लेख में हमने One Word Substitution को विभिन्न महत्वपूर्ण श्रेणियों (Categories) में विभाजित करके समझाया है, ताकि विद्यार्थियों को उन्हें याद रखने और समझने में आसानी हो।
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Parts of Speech → Prepositions, Adjectives, Adverbs, Conjunctions
इस लेख में आपको निम्नलिखित श्रेणियों के महत्वपूर्ण One Word Substitutions मिलेंगे:
Table of Contents
One Word Substitutions Related to People
| Group of Words | One Word Substitution | Hindi Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| A person who loves books | Bibliophile | पुस्तक प्रेमी |
| A person who hates mankind | Misanthrope | मानवद्वेषी |
| A person who loves mankind | Philanthropist | परोपकारी |
| A person who knows many languages | Linguist | भाषाविद् |
| One who speaks many languages | Polyglot | बहुभाषी |
| A person who compiles dictionaries | Lexicographer | शब्दकोश लेखक |
| One who lives alone | Recluse | एकांतवासी |
| One who cannot read or write | Illiterate | अशिक्षित |
| A person who walks in sleep | Somnambulist | नींद में चलने वाला |
| A person who spends money wastefully | Spendthrift | फिजूलखर्च |
| A person who eats excessively | Glutton | पेटू |
| A person who does not believe in God | Atheist | नास्तिक |
| A person who believes in God | Theist | आस्तिक |
| A beginner in any field | Novice | नौसिखिया |
| A person having expert knowledge | Expert | विशेषज्ञ |
One Word Substitutions Study-Related
| Group of Words | One Word Substitution | Hindi Meaning |
| Study of animals | Zoology | प्राणी विज्ञान |
| Study of plants | Botany | वनस्पति विज्ञान |
| Study of birds | Ornithology | पक्षी विज्ञान |
| Study of insects | Entomology | कीट विज्ञान |
| Study of fishes | Ichthyology | मत्स्य विज्ञान |
| Study of Earth | Geology | भूविज्ञान |
| Study of stars and planets | Astronomy | खगोल विज्ञान |
| Study of society | Sociology | समाजशास्त्र |
| Study of languages | Philology | भाषा विज्ञान |
| Study of human beings | Anthropology | मानव विज्ञान |
Phobia (Fear) Related One Word Substitutions
| Group of Words | One Word Substitution | Hindi Meaning |
| Fear of water | Hydrophobia | जल का भय |
| Fear of heights | Acrophobia | ऊँचाई का भय |
| Fear of darkness | Nyctophobia | अंधेरे का भय |
| Fear of fire | Pyrophobia | आग का भय |
| Fear of closed places | Claustrophobia | बंद स्थान का भय |
| Fear of dogs | Cynophobia | कुत्तों का भय |
| Fear of spiders | Arachnophobia | मकड़ियों का भय |
| Fear of strangers | Xenophobia | अजनबियों का भय |
Government and Political Terms
| Group of Words | One Word Substitution | Hindi Meaning |
| Government by one person | Monarchy | राजतंत्र |
| Government by the people | Democracy | लोकतंत्र |
| Government by a few persons | Oligarchy | अल्पतंत्र |
| Government by the rich | Plutocracy | धनिकतंत्र |
| Government by priests | Theocracy | धर्मतंत्र |
| Government by military rulers | Stratocracy | सैन्य शासन |
| Absence of government | Anarchy | अराजकता |
Crime and Killing Related Terms
| Group of Words | One Word Substitution | Hindi Meaning |
| Killing of oneself | Suicide | आत्महत्या |
| Killing of a human being | Homicide | मानव हत्या |
| Killing of a king | Regicide | राजा की हत्या |
| Killing of one’s father | Patricide | पिता की हत्या |
| Killing of one’s mother | Matricide | माता की हत्या |
| Killing of one’s brother | Fratricide | भाई की हत्या |
| Killing of an infant | Infanticide | शिशु हत्या |
Place-Related One Word Substitutions
| Group of Words | One Word Substitution | हिंदी अर्थ |
| A place where books are kept | Library | पुस्तकालय |
| A place where weapons are stored | Arsenal | शस्त्रागार |
| A place where dead bodies are buried | Cemetery | कब्रिस्तान |
| A place where coins are made | Mint | टकसाल |
| A place where animals are kept | Zoo | चिड़ियाघर |
| A place where historical objects are preserved | Museum | संग्रहालय |
| A place where airplanes land and take off | Airport | हवाई अड्डा |
| A place where prisoners are kept | Prison | कारागार / जेल |
| A place where sick people are treated | Hospital | अस्पताल |
| A place where judges administer justice | Court | न्यायालय |
| A place where soldiers live | Barracks | सैनिक छावनी |
| A place where ships are repaired | Dockyard | गोदी |
| A place where bees are kept | Apiary | मधुमक्खी पालन केंद्र |
| A place where birds are kept | Aviary | पक्षीशाला |
| A place where plants are grown for sale | Nursery | पौधशाला |
| A place where milk products are made | Dairy | दुग्धशाला |
| A place where grain is stored | Granary | अन्न भंडार |
| A place where astronomical observations are made | Observatory | वेधशाला |
| A place where clothes are washed | Laundry | धुलाईघर |
| A place where old documents are kept | Archive | अभिलेखागार |
Time & Period Terms
| Group of Words | One Word Substitution | हिंदी अर्थ |
| Happening every year | Annual | वार्षिक |
| Happening every six months | Half-yearly / Biannual | अर्धवार्षिक |
| Happening every two years | Biennial | द्विवार्षिक |
| Happening every three years | Triennial | त्रिवार्षिक |
| Happening every four years | Quadrennial | चतुर्वार्षिक |
| Happening every day | Daily | दैनिक |
| Happening every week | Weekly | साप्ताहिक |
| Happening every month | Monthly | मासिक |
| A period of ten years | Decade | दशक |
| A period of twenty-five years | Silver Jubilee | रजत जयंती |
| A period of fifty years | Golden Jubilee | स्वर्ण जयंती |
| A period of sixty years | Diamond Jubilee | हीरक जयंती |
| A period of seventy-five years | Platinum Jubilee | प्लेटिनम जयंती |
| A period of one hundred years | Century | शताब्दी |
| A period of one thousand years | Millennium | सहस्राब्दी |
| Existing at the same time | Contemporary | समकालीन |
| Belonging to the same period | Coeval | समकालीन |
| Lasting for a very short time | Ephemeral | क्षणभंगुर |
| Lasting forever | Eternal | शाश्वत |
| Related to old times | Ancient | प्राचीन |
| Related to the present time | Modern | आधुनिक |
| Before the recorded history | Prehistoric | प्रागैतिहासिक |
| Something occurring at the right time | Timely | समयोचित |
| Something occurring before the proper time | Premature | समय से पूर्व |
| A person living in the same age as another | Contemporary | समकालीन व्यक्ति |
Frequently Asked One Word Substitutions in Exams
| Group of Words | One Word Substitution | Hindi Meaning |
| A speech delivered without preparation | Extempore | बिना तैयारी का भाषण |
| A remedy for all diseases | Panacea | सर्वरोगहर औषधि |
| Something that cannot be cured | Incurable | असाध्य |
| Something that cannot be avoided | Inevitable | अपरिहार्य |
| Something that cannot be heard | Inaudible | अश्रव्य |
| Something that cannot be seen | Invisible | अदृश्य |
| Something that cannot be believed | Incredible | अविश्वसनीय |
| Something that cannot be explained | Inexplicable | अव्याख्येय |
| Something that cannot be corrected | Irreparable | अपूरणीय |
| A handwriting that cannot be read | Illegible | अपठनीय |
| Existing at the same time | Contemporary | समकालीन |
| Existing forever | Eternal | शाश्वत |
| Lasting for a very short time | Ephemeral | क्षणभंगुर |
| A thing fit to be eaten | Edible | खाने योग्य |
| A thing fit to be drunk | Potable | पीने योग्य |
| A thing fit to be worshipped | Adorable | पूजनीय |
| Capable of being read | Legible | पठनीय |
| Capable of being understood | Comprehensible | समझने योग्य |
| Capable of being adapted | Flexible | लचीला |
| Capable of being changed | Mutable | परिवर्तनशील |
| A person who is difficult to please | Fastidious | नखरे वाला |
| A person who easily believes others | Gullible | आसानी से विश्वास करने वाला |
| A person who talks too much | Garrulous | बहुत बोलने वाला |
| A person who remains calm in difficulties | Stoic | धैर्यवान |
| One who is everywhere | Omnipresent | सर्वव्यापी |
| One who knows everything | Omniscient | सर्वज्ञ |
| One who is all powerful | Omnipotent | सर्वशक्तिमान |
| One who is present in name only | Nominal | केवल नाममात्र |
| One who is new to a profession | Novice | नौसिखिया |
| One who cannot make mistakes | Infallible | अचूक |
| One who cannot be defeated | Invincible | अजेय |
| One who cannot be conquered | Unconquerable | अपराजेय |
| One who cannot be satisfied | Insatiable | अतृप्त |
| One who cannot be bribed | Incorruptible | भ्रष्ट न होने वाला |
| One who cannot be injured | Invulnerable | अभेद्य |
| One who is unable to pay debts | Insolvent | दिवालिया |
| A place where no plants grow | Desert | मरुस्थल |
| A place where weapons are stored | Arsenal | शस्त्रागार |
| A place where books are kept | Library | पुस्तकालय |
| A place where animals are kept | Zoo | चिड़ियाघर |
| A place where coins are made | Mint | टकसाल |
| A place where dead bodies are buried | Cemetery | कब्रिस्तान |
| A government document allowing travel abroad | Passport | पासपोर्ट |
| A person who loves himself excessively | Narcissist | आत्ममुग्ध व्यक्ति |
| A person who hates women | Misogynist | स्त्रीद्वेषी |
| A person who loves women | Philogynist | स्त्री-प्रेमी |
| A person who hates marriage | Misogamist | विवाह-द्वेषी |
| A person who studies ancient things | Archaeologist | पुरातत्वविद् |
| A person who studies stars | Astronomer | खगोलशास्त्री |
| A person who writes biographies | Biographer | जीवनी लेखक |
| A person who writes dictionaries | Lexicographer | शब्दकोश लेखक |
| A person who walks on foot | Pedestrian | पैदल यात्री |
| A person who travels on foot | Wayfarer | पथिक |
| A person who wanders from place to place | Vagabond | आवारा/घुमक्कड़ |
| A person who lives alone | Recluse | एकांतवासी |
| A person who loves humanity | Philanthropist | परोपकारी |
| A person who hates humanity | Misanthrope | मानवद्वेषी |
| A person who speaks many languages | Polyglot | बहुभाषी |
| A person who loves books | Bibliophile | पुस्तक प्रेमी |
| A person who collects stamps | Philatelist | डाक टिकट संग्राहक |
| A person who collects coins | Numismatist | सिक्का संग्राहक |
| A person who cannot read or write | Illiterate | अशिक्षित |
| A statement that cannot be questioned | Irrefutable | अकाट्य |
| A decision that cannot be changed | Irrevocable | अपरिवर्तनीय |
| A crime that can never be forgiven | Unpardonable | अक्षम्य |
| A loss that cannot be compensated | Irrecoverable | अपूरणीय |
| A disease that spreads rapidly | Epidemic | महामारी |
| A disease prevalent over a whole country or the world | Pandemic | वैश्विक महामारी |
| A person living at the same time as another | Contemporary | समकालीन |
| A custom handed down from generation to generation | Tradition | परंपरा |
| An official order canceling a law or decision | Repeal | निरसन |
| A sudden strong feeling of fear | Panic | घबराहट |
| A person appointed to act for another | Proxy | प्रतिनिधि |
| A written statement made under oath | Affidavit | शपथ-पत्र |
| A written account of a person’s life by himself | Autobiography | आत्मकथा |
| A written account of a person’s life by another person | Biography | जीवनी |
| A book published every year | Annual | वार्षिक प्रकाशन |
| A period of ten years | Decade | दशक |
| A period of one hundred years | Century | शताब्दी |
| A period of one thousand years | Millennium | सहस्राब्दी |
Exam Tip
प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं में निम्नलिखित श्रेणियों से संबंधित One Word Substitutions सबसे अधिक पूछे जाते हैं:
Words ending in -phobia (Fear-related terms)
Words ending in -ology (Study-related terms)
Words ending in -cide (Killing-related terms)
Words ending in -cracy / -archy (Forms of government)
“One who…” and “Something that cannot…” type substitutions
परीक्षा की दृष्टि से Panacea, Extempore, Ephemeral, Omnipotent, Omniscient, Omnipresent, Bibliophile, Philanthropist, Democracy, Hydrophobia, Botany और Regicide जैसे शब्द विशेष रूप से महत्वपूर्ण हैं, क्योंकि ये विभिन्न प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं में बार-बार पूछे जाते हैं।
Practice Exercise – One Word Substitution
Multiple Choice Questions
Choose the correct One Word Substitution.
- A person who loves books is called:
A. Linguist
B. Bibliophile
C. Philanthropist
D. Botanist - A person who knows many languages is called:
A. Polyglot
B. Recluse
C. Novice
D. Glutton - The study of plants is called:
A. Zoology
B. Geology
C. Botany
D. Sociology - Fear of water is called:
A. Acrophobia
B. Claustrophobia
C. Hydrophobia
D. Xenophobia - Government by the people is called:
A. Monarchy
B. Democracy
C. Oligarchy
D. Theocracy - A person who does not believe in God is called:
A. Theist
B. Atheist
C. Philanthropist
D. Polyglot - The killing of a king is known as:
A. Homicide
B. Suicide
C. Regicide
D. Patricide - A speech delivered without preparation is called:
A. Extempore
B. Monologue
C. Dialogue
D. Debate - A remedy for all diseases is called:
A. Panacea
B. Therapy
C. Medicine
D. Cure - A person who spends money extravagantly is called:
A. Miser
B. Spendthrift
C. Philanthropist
D. Glutton
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the Blanks
Choose the correct One Word Substitution from the box:
(Democracy, Botany, Hydrophobia, Polyglot, Panacea, Regicide, Atheist, Novice, Recluse)
- A person who loves books is a __________.
- The study of plants is called __________.
- Fear of water is known as __________.
- Government by the people is called __________.
- A person who speaks many languages is a __________.
- A beginner in any profession is called a __________.
- A person who lives alone is called a __________.
- A person who does not believe in God is an __________.
- The killing of a king is called __________.
- A remedy for all diseases is known as __________.
Match the Following
| Column A | Column B |
| 1. Bibliophile | (a) Fear of water |
| 2. Hydrophobia | (b) Study of plants |
| 3. Botany | (c) Book lover |
| 4. Democracy | (d) Government by the people |
| 5. Polyglot | (e) One who knows many languages |
Previous Exam-Type Questions
1. A person who collects coins is called:
A. Philatelist
B. Numismatist
C. Linguist
D. Botanist
2. A person who collects stamps is called:
A. Numismatist
B. Philologist
C. Philatelist
D. Anthropologist
3. Study of birds is called:
A. Ornithology
B. Entomology
C. Zoology
D. Geology
4. Fear of heights is called:
A. Hydrophobia
B. Acrophobia
C. Nyctophobia
D. Xenophobia
5. A person who hates mankind is called:
A. Philanthropist
B. Misanthrope
C. Linguist
D. Polyglot
Answers
Multiple Choice Questions
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. C
5. B
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. A
10. B
Fill in the Blanks
1. Bibliophile
2. Botany
3. Hydrophobia
4. Democracy
5. Polyglot
6. Novice
7. Recluse
8. Atheist
9. Regicide
10. Panacea
Match the Following
1 – (c)
2 – (a)
3 – (b)
4 – (d)
5 – (e)
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